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Lentinula Edodes........
Shiitake ........
Scent mushroom ........
Shiitake .......
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Latin
Japanese
Chinese
Common |
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| Source : |
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Hot water extract from Shiitake, precipitate with ethanol.
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| Description
: |
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Brown powder with characteristic order and taste |
| Excipient
: |
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No |
| Particle
size : |
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80-100 mesh |
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| Polysaccharides
: |
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20%,30%
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| Proteins
: |
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37.5%-50% |
| Moisture
: |
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5%
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| Ash : |
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5%-7% |
| Remainder
: |
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Free
Sugars, amino acids |
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| Microbiology |
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| Total Aerobic
Count : |
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Less
than 5,000/g |
| E. Coli : |
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None
detectable |
| Salmonella
: |
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None
detectable |
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| Heavy
Metals |
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Complies
to United States FDA standards |
| Pesticides
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Complies
to 90/642/EEC |
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Besides being a delicious food, Shiitake has been
used for many conditions in traditional Asian medicines.
Its significant antiviral and immune stimulating properties
were not recognised until Japanese scientists isolated
several important compounds from Shiitake with well-studied
pharmacological effects, e.g., LEM and lentinan (Hobbs,
2000)1
The major active constituent of LEM is
a protein-bound polysaccharide.
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It contains about 24.6% protein and 44%sugars (Breene,
1990, Iizuka, 1997). The polysaccharide of Shiitake is
in a triple helix structure containing glucose molecules
with mostly ß-(1-3) linkage and ß-(1-6) side
chains (Aoki, 1984, Hobbs, 2000).
Pharmacological
and Clinical Research
Japanese research showed
that LEM has the significant immune modulating, lipid-lowering,
and antiviral properties.2
It has been found to be able to activate macrophages and
lymphocytes to modulate the release of cytokines, which
may account for its antiviral properties.3
In a clinical trial of 40 patients with chronic hepatitis
B, LEM improved liver function and reduced viraemia.4
Some other studies also reported LEM has the capacity
to inhibit HIV virus infection in vitro,5
and may heave the hope as
a therapy for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. |
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1.YING
J, MAO X, MA Q, ZONG Y, ¡° WEN H. ICONS OF MEDICINAL
FUNGI FROM CHINA. BEIJING SCIENCE PRESS, 1987.
2.CHIHARA G, HAMURO J, MADEDA Y, ARAI Y, FUKUKA F. FRACTIONATION
AND PURIFICATION OF THE POLYSACCHARIDES WITH MARKED ANTITUMOR
ACTIVITY ESPECIALLY LENTINAN, FROM LENTINUS EDODES (BERK.)
SING., AND EDIBLE MUSHROOM. CANCER RES 1970; 30: 2776-81
3.HAMURO J, CHIHARA G. LENTINAN, A T-CELL ORIENTED IMMUNOPOTENTIATOR
: ITS EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND POSSIBLE
MECHANISM OF IMMUNE MODULATION. IN : FENICHEL RL, CHIRIGOS
MA, EDS. IMMUNE MODULATION AGENTS AND THEIR MECHANISMS.
NEW YORK : MARCEL DEKKER, 1985:409-36
4.AMAGASSE H. TREATMENT OF HEAPTITIS B PATIENTS WITH LENTINUS
EDODES MYCELIA. IN : NEW TRENDS IN PEPTRIC ULCER AND CHRONIC
HEPATITIS. PART II. CHRONIC HEPATITIS. PRINCETON : EXERPTA
MEDICA 1987; 316-21
5.TOCHIKURA T. NAKASHIMA H, OHASHI Y, YAMAMATO N. INHIBITION
(IN VITRO) OF REPLICATION AND OF THE CYTOPATHIC EFFECT
OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS BY AN EXTRACT OF THE CULTURE
MEDIUM OF LENTINUS EDODES MYCELIA. MED MIROBIOL IMMUNOL
1998; 177:235-44 |
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